Accelerated depreciation is a tax mechanism that allows businesses to claim higher depreciation on assets in the early years of use, improving project economics for eligible renewable energy investments.
Capacity relating to new plants, both consolidated or managed, or the increases in the capacity of existing plants via technological development work. Additional capacity is declared when the first circuit of a plant is connected to the grid and begins producing energy and all the components of the plant are electromechanically complete.
Aggregated demand refers to the combined electricity requirement of multiple consumers, which can be pooled to enable larger renewable energy procurement or better commercial terms.
ALMM is India’s approved list of solar module models and manufacturers used to ensure quality, reliability and compliance in applicable solar projects.
A device that converts the mechanical energy created by the rotating element of a turbine into electric power.
Ancillary services are support services that help maintain electricity grid stability, frequency, voltage and reliability during changes in demand and supply.
Annual degradation refers to the gradual reduction in the performance or output of a solar module, battery or energy asset over time.
A convex-shaped dam, generally built to dam narrow valleys or gorges that have rocky sides or other stable natural walls.
Amount of resources that a company invests for the construction of new plants, for increasing installed capacity or improving the efficiency of existing plants.
Automatic Generation Control is a system used by grid operators to automatically adjust power generation and maintain grid frequency within required limits.
Availability-Based Tariff is a power-sector pricing mechanism that encourages grid discipline by linking payments to scheduled generation, actual generation and grid frequency.
Avoided emissions are greenhouse gas emissions that are prevented because a cleaner product, service or technology replaces a more carbon-intensive alternative.
Behind-the-meter storage refers to battery or energy storage systems installed on the consumer side of the electricity meter to manage demand, backup and energy costs.
A group of devices, equipment, management and control logic capable of storing electric power so that it can later be fed into the grid. It allows solar and wind power plants to overcome their intrinsic limitations in terms of flexibility and dispatching.
A bifacial solar module generates electricity from sunlight received on both the front and rear sides, helping increase total energy output.
Collective term for organic matter that can be used to generate electricity, transformed into fuel or used directly to produce heat. It comes primarily from industrial and urban waste, from energy crops, and from biological products, waste and residues generated by farming, forestry or related industries. It's generally considered a renewable energy source since, unlike fossil fuels, the sources from which it is obtained are produced continuously.
Blue hydrogen is hydrogen produced from fossil fuels where the carbon dioxide generated during production is captured, stored or used.
A new market created to guarantee long-term price signals and sufficient reliable capacity consistent with decarbonisation goals. The mechanism introduces supplementary payment for suppliers of capacity who commit to maintaining and to making their capacity available to the electricity system, if required.
Ratio in percentage between the discounted positive margin generated by the investment in a regulated or risk-free system and the total investment made; it provides a measure of the investment's exposure to risk on returns relating to fluctuations in market prices.
Captive power refers to electricity generated by a company primarily for its own consumption, often through a dedicated power plant or renewable energy project.
A carbon credit is a tradable certificate representing one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions reduced, avoided or removed from the atmosphere.
A carbon market is a system where carbon credits or emission allowances are bought and sold to support emission reduction and climate action.
Carbon neutrality means balancing greenhouse gas emissions with equivalent emission reductions, removals or offsets so that the net emissions impact is neutral.
A carbon offset represents an emission reduction or removal activity used to compensate for emissions produced elsewhere.
A group of policies designed to support the changes the energy sector must make to achieve carbon dioxide emission reduction targets, while simultaneously guaranteeing affordable, reliable energy to consumers. The most commonly adopted market mechanisms are Emissions Trading Schemes (ETS) and carbon taxes.
Carbon pricing assigns a cost to greenhouse gas emissions, encouraging organisations and economies to reduce emissions and adopt cleaner technologies.
Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or industrial processes.
A carbon sink is a natural or artificial system, such as a forest, soil or ocean, that absorbs more carbon dioxide than it releases.
Tax levied on fossil fuels on the basis of their carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, the aim of which is to contribute to reducing such emissions.
Climate finance refers to funding used to support climate mitigation and adaptation activities, including renewable energy, clean technology and resilience projects.
Climate risk refers to potential financial, operational or environmental impacts arising from climate change or the transition to a low-carbon economy.
The total amount of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, emitted directly or indirectly by an individual, organization, event, or product.
The phase-out of a coal-powered station is always gradual. It is measured with an indicator that represents the evolution of the installed capacity of the plant and provides evidence of its progressive phase-out. When the station ceases to operate, the corresponding capacity is subtracted from the balance sheet.
During the process of building a power station, this is the date in which the latter starts being paid for the electricity it produces.
Commercial and industrial companies of medium or large size. 'Industrial' refers to any enterprise that deals with the production of goods, while 'commercial' refers to any enterprise that purchases goods or services from another entity for commercial purposes.
The process at the end of the construction of a power station which includes activities necessary to guaranteeing that all the station's components, machinery and systems are working correctly and are capable of doing so safely and efficiently under normal operating conditions.
The maximum power deliverable by generation plants, controlled by an energy company (de jure or de facto) and which it thus consolidates from an economic and financial perspective.
The electricity generated by the plants net of grid losses and consumption relative to auxiliary services within the perimeter of companies whole or partially consolidated by an energy company.
The ratio of the Installed Capacity of Power Plants that produce energy from renewables (hydroelectric, wind, solar and geothermal) to the total Installed Capacity of renewable, thermoelectric and nuclear power stations. The trend provides evidence of a gradual shift in the asset portfolio towards a predominance of renewable sources.
Contract demand is the maximum electricity demand agreed between a consumer and electricity supplier for billing, capacity planning and supply arrangements.
A room from which one or more plants spread over an area are centrally monitored and controlled.
A Corporate Power Purchase Agreement is a long-term contract through which a company procures electricity from a power producer, often to meet renewable energy and decarbonisation goals.
Corporate renewable procurement is the process by which companies buy renewable electricity through mechanisms such as open access, PPAs, green tariffs or certificates.
Maintenance activities carried out to restore a plant or component to a condition in which it can perform its required function, after it has experienced a failure or fault.
A business model through which it is possible to create economic value for both the business and its stakeholders by producing a benefit for society and the environment.
Curtailment occurs when electricity generation from a power plant is reduced despite available capacity, usually due to grid constraints, low demand or system conditions.
Indicates the percentage of power plants (in terms of total installed capacity) that are equipped with sensors and software that enable the use of information for digitalized, remote or automated plant management.
A Domestic Content Requirement solar module is manufactured using domestically produced components as required under specific Indian policy or tender conditions.
Decarbonisation is the process of reducing or eliminating carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from energy, industry, transport and business operations.
A group of operations that remediate, dismantle and remove the structures and components of a power station at the end of its working life.
Demand response is a mechanism where consumers adjust electricity use in response to price signals, grid needs or demand-supply conditions.
A device installed on the blades of wind turbines to reduce the noise they produce: the name describes its shape, which recalls the serration of a dinosaur tail.
Sources of electricity that can be used on demand and dispatched at the request of grid operators to meet market needs. Plannable generators can be turned on or off or can adjust their power output according to an order.
Distributed renewable energy refers to small or medium-scale renewable power generation located close to the point of consumption, such as rooftop or local solar projects.
The final phase of the process of delivering electricity to the end user after generation and transmission.
A system that is more complex and powerful than a flash steam geothermal plant, using high-temperature, high-pressure steam to produce energy: in this case the steam is sent directly to the turbine.
EBITDA relating to generation plants that went into operation as part of the plan.
Indicates the percentage of power plants (in terms of total installed capacity) that are equipped with sensors and software that enable the use of information for digitalized, remote or automated plant management.
All the components deployed to produce, transmit, distribute and sell electricity. This includes power generation and storage facilities, transmission and distribution grids and all the related infrastructure.
An electrolyser is a device that uses electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, enabling green hydrogen production when powered by renewable energy.
A chemical process that uses electricity to break down a substance into its constituent elements. Electrolysis can be used to produce green hydrogen by coupling an electrolyser with a renewable energy plant.
An emission factor is a value used to estimate greenhouse gas emissions generated per unit of activity, fuel consumed or electricity used.
Emission intensity measures greenhouse gas emissions produced per unit of output, such as per unit of electricity generated, revenue earned or product manufactured.
Energy arbitrage involves storing electricity when prices or demand are low and supplying it when prices or demand are high.
An Energy Attribute Certificate represents the environmental attributes of one unit of renewable electricity generation and supports renewable energy claims.
An energy audit is a systematic assessment of energy use to identify efficiency improvements, cost savings and emission reduction opportunities.
The balance between the inward and outward energy flows of a facility or geographical area; it can include the production, import, export, purchase, sale, transportation, transformation and consumption of energy.
Substance or phenomenon (energy system) that contains energy produced from primary sources that can subsequently be converted to other forms, even at a later time or in another location. An example is hydrogen which, unlike raw materials such as fossil fuels, isn't naturally available: it needs to be produced using industrial processes and then stored and transported via pipelines or in tanks before it can be used for various purposes.
Energy efficiency means using less energy to deliver the same output, service or performance, thereby reducing energy costs and emissions.
The infrastructure used to transport energy from where it is produced to the final consumers. In the case of electricity, the classic structure includes two grids: the transmission grid and the distribution grid.
Parameter which measures the energy efficiency of the economy of a country or geographical area: it is the ratio between the gross energy consumption and the gross domestic product (GDP).
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) relating to a company operating in the energy sector: for example, electricity production, carbon dioxide emissions, the percentage of electricity generated from renewable sources, and the internal consumption of energy and water.
Energy mix refers to the combination of energy sources used to meet electricity or overall energy demand, such as solar, wind, hydro, coal, gas or nuclear.
An Energy Storage System stores energy for later use, helping manage renewable energy variability, grid balancing and peak demand.
An energy paradigm revolution. In the case of the current energy transition, this means the transition from non-renewable energy sources to renewable sources, and it is part of the wider transition to sustainable economies through the use of renewables, and the adoption of energy-saving and sustainable development techniques.
Energy-as-a-Service is a model where customers access energy solutions, efficiency upgrades or clean power services without owning all the underlying infrastructure.
A contract regulating the relationship with a single supplier that provides the engineering, procurement of materials and construction services, required to build a power station.
An environmental attribute is the sustainability benefit associated with renewable energy generation, such as reduced emissions or clean electricity certification.
A well, sunk into the ground in order to extract steam for the production of geothermal energy.
Firm and Dispatchable Renewable Energy refers to renewable power that can be supplied reliably as per demand, usually through a combination of solar, wind and storage.
A Feed-In Premium is a policy mechanism that provides renewable energy producers with a premium payment on top of the market price for electricity, incentivizing renewable energy generation.
A Feed-In Tariff is a policy mechanism that guarantees renewable energy producers a fixed payment for the electricity they generate and feed into the grid, promoting investment in renewable energy.
Financial close is the point at which all project financing agreements are signed and conditions precedent are met, allowing construction to begin.
Floating solar refers to photovoltaic panels installed on bodies of water, such as reservoirs or lakes, to generate electricity while minimizing land use.
A flow battery is a type of rechargeable battery where energy is stored in liquid electrolytes that flow through an electrochemical cell, allowing for scalable energy storage solutions.
Forecasting in the energy sector involves predicting future electricity demand, generation from renewable sources, and market prices to optimize operations and planning.
Frequency regulation is the process of maintaining the balance between electricity supply and demand to keep the grid frequency within acceptable limits.
A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy from a fuel (such as hydrogen) into electricity through an electrochemical reaction.
Full Load Hours represent the number of hours a power plant operates at its maximum capacity over a specific period, indicating its efficiency and utilization.
Fossil fuel phase-out refers to the gradual reduction and eventual elimination of fossil fuel-based energy sources in favor of cleaner alternatives.
Fuel mix refers to the combination of different energy sources used to generate electricity or provide energy, such as coal, natural gas, nuclear, hydro, wind, and solar.
A future energy scenario outlines potential developments in energy production, consumption, and technology, considering factors like policy, market trends, and environmental impacts.
A device that converts various forms of energy – mechanical, chemical, light or thermal – into electricity. Generators include dynamos, for the production of direct current (DC), and alternators, capable of generating alternating current (AC).
The mix of gas and steam extracted from wells for the production of geothermal energy.
A plant that conveys the water vapor from the subsoil to special turbines that converting the thermal energy produced by the Earth's heat into electrical energy.
A natural reservoir resulting from the outflow of hot water from below ground; a geothermal pool is normally not large and is characterized by high concentrations of mineral salts.
A type of dam that generally has a triangular or trapezoid-shaped vertical cross section and a straight, or sometimes curved, horizontal cross section. The stability and resistance of the dam to the pressure of the water solely relies on the weight of the construction.
Green ammonia is ammonia produced using green hydrogen, where the hydrogen is generated through electrolysis powered by renewable energy.
A green attribute is the environmental benefit associated with renewable electricity generation, such as reduced emissions or renewable energy certification.
A green bond is a financial instrument used to raise funds for projects with environmental benefits, such as renewable energy, energy efficiency or climate action.
Green credits are credits linked to environmental benefits such as emission reductions, carbon removal, renewable energy generation or other sustainability outcomes.
The Green Day-Ahead Market enables the purchase and sale of renewable electricity for delivery on the following day.
Green Energy Open Access allows eligible consumers to procure renewable electricity through open access mechanisms under applicable regulations.
Hydrogen produced via the electrolysis of water in which the electricity used in the process is derived from renewable sources.
Green methanol is methanol produced using renewable energy or low-carbon inputs and can be used as a cleaner fuel or chemical feedstock.
Green power procurement is the process by which organisations buy renewable electricity through PPAs, open access, green tariffs, certificates or other mechanisms.
A green tariff is an electricity pricing option that allows consumers to purchase electricity linked to renewable energy sources through their electricity supplier.
Gases which cause a greenhouse effect within the earth's atmosphere and are therefore responsible for global warming and climate change. The most damaging are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and fluorocarbons (PFCs).
Greenwashing refers to misleading or exaggerated environmental claims that make a product, company or activity appear more sustainable than it actually is.
Grey hydrogen is hydrogen produced from fossil fuels without capturing the carbon dioxide emissions released during production.
Grid balancing is the process of matching electricity supply and demand in real time to maintain reliable power system operations.
Grid flexibility is the ability of the power system to respond to changes in electricity supply and demand while maintaining reliability.
Grid integration refers to connecting renewable energy, storage and other power assets to the electricity grid in a reliable and efficient manner.
Grid stability is the ability of the electricity grid to maintain reliable operation despite changes in demand, generation or system conditions.
Group captive is a power procurement model where multiple consumers collectively own or participate in a power project to meet their electricity needs.
Unit of measurement for power, equivalent to 1,000 MW, i.e. a billion watts.
The Green Day-Ahead Market enables the purchase and sale of renewable electricity for delivery on the following day.
Solar panel production technique that's considered to be one of the most efficient, both in terms of the energy required for their production and in terms of their energy performance. It involves producing panels consisting of overlapping layers of materials with different characteristics.
The production of energy from the Earth's heat in volcanic or tectonic zones, where temperatures are in excess of 150 °C.
Power plants which produce electricity from two or more different sources, which can be either renewable or non-renewable.
Mechanical device that converts the kinetic and potential energy of a liquid into mechanical power.
A hydrogen valley is a regional ecosystem where hydrogen production, storage, distribution and end-use applications are developed together.
The authorized maximum amount of power a power plant can produce.
International body established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to assess the current scientific knowledge on climate change and its potential impacts.
Internal carbon price is a cost assigned by an organisation to its own emissions to guide investment decisions and encourage emission reduction.
A device that converts continuous current (CC) to alternating current (AC). For instance, it is used to convert continuous current from photovoltaic panels to alternating current to be fed into the grid.
An I-REC is an international certificate representing the environmental attributes of renewable electricity generation and supporting renewable energy claims.
A discount rate that makes the net present value (NPV) of an investment equal to zero. It provides a measure of the profitability of an investment compared to the internal cost of capital.
The Inter-State Transmission System is India’s transmission network used to transfer electricity across state boundaries.
International certificate representing environmental attributes of renewable electricity generation.
Unit of measurement for energy defined as the work done to produce one watt of power for one second.
Energy transition towards a system based on renewable sources done in a way that's fair to everyone, therefore taking into consideration jobs, the security of energy supplies and a fair distribution of the costs associated with the transition.
One of the main water turbine models. Developed in 1913 by the Austrian engineer and inventor Viktor Kaplan, it is particularly useful when the water flows down modest gradients and is also suitable for very high water flow rates.
Land neutrality refers to balancing land use impacts through responsible siting, restoration, biodiversity protection or compensatory measures.
An accident with permanent consequences that interfere with the day-to-day life of the victim or reduce their life expectancy.
Cost of producing 1 MWh of electricity, a competitiveness index for generation plants.
Long Duration Energy Storage refers to storage technologies that can supply electricity for extended periods and support grid reliability during renewable energy variability.
The production of energy for heating and cooling purposes using the Earth's natural heat, via probes sunk into the ground and connected to a heat pump.
The maximum authorized power from both consolidated and unconsolidated generation plants, which are managed/operated by an energy company through partnership agreements or asset management contracts.
A megawatt-hour is a unit of energy equal to one megawatt of power supplied or consumed for one hour.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is the Government of India ministry responsible for renewable energy policies, programmes and sector development.
Module efficiency measures how effectively a solar module converts sunlight into electricity.
Support structures on which the solar panels are placed: they move in order to follow sun exposure every day, on a horizontal rotation axis.
A monocrystalline solar module is made using solar cells from a single-crystal silicon structure and is known for high efficiency and performance.
Unit of measurement for power, equivalent to a million watts.
Net metering allows consumers with renewable energy systems to export surplus electricity to the grid and receive credit against their electricity consumption.
Net zero means balancing greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere with an equivalent amount reduced, removed or offset.
Electricity sources that cannot be turned on or off to meet fluctuating energy requirements. This type of generation is often highly intermittent, which means that it is not continuously available because of non-controllable factors (e.g. weather).
Power plant located offshore and mounted on purpose-built structures which are either floating or fixed to the seabed.
A plant that turns the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. The term onshore refers to wind farms on land while offshore means wind farms built on open water, generally at sea or on the ocean.
Open Access allows eligible electricity consumers to procure power from suppliers other than their local distribution company using the transmission and distribution network.
Operating expenditure or costs involved in running the business.
The number of years it will take for positive flows from an investment to compensate for outgoings sustained. It indicates the riskiness of a project solely in terms of time.
Peak demand is the highest level of electricity demand recorded during a specific period, often requiring additional generation or demand management.
Peak shaving is the practice of reducing electricity demand during peak periods through storage, demand management or alternative power supply.
A PERC solar cell uses a passivated rear layer to improve light capture and electricity generation efficiency.
A plant consisting of a series of modules that convert the sun's radiation into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. There are two main types: stand-alone, which isn't connected to a grid and uses the energy produced on site, and 'grid-connected'.
A device consisting of photovoltaic modules, which in turn are made of photovoltaic cells. The cells convert solar radiation into electric power using the photoelectric effect and are the basic components of a photovoltaic power plant.
Physical climate risk refers to risks from climate-related events such as heatwaves, floods, storms, droughts and changing weather patterns.
A group of projects that have been authorized by the Screening Committee and satisfy the project's set of maturity criteria which are defined according to technology and country.
Plant Load Factor is the ratio of actual electricity generated by a power plant to the maximum electricity it could have generated at full capacity during a period.
A power exchange is a marketplace where electricity is bought and sold through standardised trading mechanisms.
A contract between an electricity user or corporate client and an electricity producer for the sale of electricity at a pre-established price and for a pre-established period of time. The contract lays out the commercial conditions for the sale of electricity: duration, delivery point, date/time of delivery, volume, price and energy source.
Power-to-X refers to converting renewable electricity into other energy carriers or products such as hydrogen, ammonia, methanol or synthetic fuels.
The group of operations that can predict when a particular machine or piece of equipment is developing a defect before it results in a fault. It enables the early prediction of faults thereby reducing related production losses and avoiding unnecessary corrective and/or preventative operations.
Planned maintenance work to review, replace or repair machinery or equipment at the plants before faults develop. The schedule is designed to minimize production losses arising from any halts in generation.
See Storage hydroelectric plant.
A type of hydroelectric power station with a lower as well as an upper storage pool or reservoir: the water that generated electricity during the day is stored in the lower pool and can then be pumped back up to the upper pool when energy demand is lower. This enables users to take advantage of price differences and provide grid stabilization services.
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Renovation, restructuring and efficiency activities for a power plant in order to optimize production.
Auctions for the sale and purchase of long-term electric power, typically developed by distribution companies who purchase electricity on behalf of regulated users. In some cases, they can also extend to consumers or free customers.
A well that returns the water discharged from a geothermal plant to its original geothermal reservoir.
A Renewable Energy Certificate represents the environmental attributes of one unit of renewable electricity generation.
Renewable energy procurement is the process through which organisations purchase clean electricity using mechanisms such as PPAs, open access, green tariffs or certificates.
Energy sources which are continuously replenished. They include the sun, the wind, water and geothermal resources, biomass and the sea.
Renewable hydrogen is hydrogen produced using renewable energy sources, typically through water electrolysis.
Renewable Purchase Obligation is a regulatory requirement for certain electricity consumers or suppliers to purchase a specified share of power from renewable sources.
Process which involves carrying out activities to prolong the useful life of a power plant and improve its efficiency, particularly through the introduction of new technologies.
Acronym for 'Renewable Energy Sources'.
At a hydroelectric plant, this term refers to the length of time required for a reservoir to collect a volume of water sufficient to reach useful capacity, i.e. the volume of water needed for the plant to operate normally.
Resource adequacy is the ability of the power system to meet expected electricity demand reliably through sufficient generation, storage and grid resources.
A reverse auction is a competitive bidding process in which power developers bid progressively lower tariffs to win renewable energy projects.
Round-the-clock renewable energy refers to clean power supplied consistently across different hours of the day by combining renewable sources with storage or balancing solutions.
Science Based Targets are emissions reduction targets aligned with climate science and the level of decarbonisation needed to limit global warming.
Scope 1 emissions are direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled by an organisation.
Scope 2 emissions are indirect greenhouse gas emissions from purchased electricity, steam, heating or cooling consumed by an organisation.
Scope 3 emissions are indirect greenhouse gas emissions that occur across an organisation’s value chain, including suppliers, logistics, business travel and product use.
The Solar Energy Corporation of India is a government-owned entity involved in promoting, tendering and implementing renewable energy projects in India.
A solar cell is a device that converts sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
A technical term that refers, in solar thermodynamic power plants, to the solar panels that convert solar energy into thermal energy.
A solar ingot is a block of purified silicon used as the base material for producing solar wafers and solar cells.
A solar module, also called a solar panel, is an assembly of solar cells that converts sunlight into electricity.
A structure that produces electric energy from the natural upward movement of hot air: it is composed of a collector at the base that collects hot air, a tower from which the air emerges, and turbines situated between the tower and the collector.
The solar value chain includes the stages involved in producing and deploying solar technology, from raw materials and wafers to cells, modules and power generation.
A solar wafer is a thin slice of semiconductor material, usually silicon, used to manufacture solar cells.
In the process of building a plant, this is the date on which the building site formally opens for construction work.
The percentage of time during which a power station is capable of generating electricity in the reference period analysed.
At geothermal plants, the various pipes that transport steam generated from the Earth to the turbine.
Electricity storage system which makes it possible to store electricity until it is required; it's a particularly important technology for intermittent energy sources such as the sun and the wind.
Energy is generated by a plant which has an upper storage reservoir. The flow of water and the electrical power produced by it can both be regulated.
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals established in 2015 by the United Nations to guarantee future peace and prosperity for humanity. They cover a range of different areas, such as ending hunger around the world, gender equality, climate protection and clean energy for everyone.
The name of the 3Sun project which has received funding from the European Commission's Innovation Fund for utility-scale projects. It also refers to the technology and system developed by 3Sun for the production of photovoltaic panels combining two different photovoltaic cells that can transform solar radiation into electricity.
In photovoltaic panel production, thin film modules are made by depositing a thin layer of semiconductor material on a glass or plastic substrate.
An automatic mechanical device that reduces the angle of incidence between a photovoltaic panel and the oncoming sunlight, thereby increasing the power of the solar radiation picked up by the panel and thus the amount of energy produced by it.
An electric device used to transfer electric power at different voltage levels.
The act of transporting electric power on a high and very high voltage interconnected transmission network with the aim of delivering it to end users in high voltage form and to distributors.
Unit of measurement for energy, equivalent to 1,000 GWh, i.e. a billion kWh.
The ratio of Gross Margin (proceeds from energy production and other proceeds from non-core activities net of variable costs) and consolidated net production.
A Virtual Power Purchase Agreement is a financial contract between a renewable energy producer and a buyer, where the buyer receives renewable attributes without directly consuming the generated electricity.
International System unit of measure of power. Multiples of Watts are: kW (10³W), MW (10⁶W), GW (10⁹W) and TW (10¹²W).
A unit of measure commonly used to measure electricity and defined as the total power supplied when one Watt of power is maintained for an hour. Multiples of Watt-Hours are: kWh (10³Wh), MWh (10⁶Wh), GWh (10⁹Wh) and TWh (10¹²Wh).
Electromechanical device capable of converting the kinetic energy of the wind (wind power) into electricity.
Part of a wind turbine located at the top of the tower: it's secured to the rotor. It contains the mechanisms for transforming wind energy into electricity. There are also control systems mounted on top to monitor the generator's operating parameters.
The heart of the wind turbine, composed of a hub to which the rotor blades are attached.
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